Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Groundwater is the water stored below ground in tiny cracks in the rock or in very small spaces between sand grains. It comes from rainwater that soaks into the ground into an aquifer. An aquifer is a body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater. The process of rain filling up an aquifer is called ‘recharge’. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>This is the Groundwater Recharge map. This shows where different amounts of rainfall reach the stores of groundwater (the ‘aquifers’) across Ireland. The estimated average annual recharge amount is shown in units of millimeters per year (mm/yr). The amount of recharge was figured over the period 1981-2010. This was then averaged to give a yearly amount.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The map was created using the following datasets. Daily rainfall and daily potential evapotranspiration supplied by MetÉireann. Daily actual evapotranspiration for different soil drainage classes supplied by MÉRA/ICHEC. Groundwater vulnerability map supplied by GSI. Soil drainage map supplied by Teagasc. Generalised soil class map supplied by Teagasc/GWWG. Subsoil type map supplied by Teagasc/EPA & GSI. Subsoil permeability map supplied by GSI. Bedrock aquifer map supplied by GSI. Sand and gravel aquifer map supplied by GSI.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The maps were overlain and interpreted to produce the groundwater recharge map for Ireland. This map is best displayed to the scale 1:40,000 (1cm on the map relates to a distance of 400m).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>It is a vector dataset. Vector data portray the world using points, lines, and polygons (areas). The recharge data is shown as polygons. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Each polygon holds information on:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN>Average Recharge (mm/yr) - average annual recharge to the groundwater aquifer across that polygon.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Hydrogeological Setting - the hydrogeological setting code, which is determined by the combinations of different geological layers.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Hydrogeological Setting Description – the description of the hydrogeological setting that determines its setting code.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Recharge Coefficient (%) – the proportion of effective rainfall that becomes groundwater.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Effective Rainfall – the rainwater remaining after plants have taken up some of the rainfall.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Recharge (pre cap) mm/yr – effective rainfall x recharge coefficient, not limited by maximum recharge capacities.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Recharge Cap Apply – is there a maximum amount of recharge that the aquifer can accept? (Yes/ No).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Maximum Recharge Capacity (mm/yr) – the maximum amount of recharge the aquifer can accept. Only applies to bedrock aquifers of category Ll, Pl, or Pu.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Recharge Symbology (Internal Use only) – the recharge map legend classes.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Groundwater Vulnerability – the code for the groundwater vulnerability(Which shows land areas where groundwater can be easily contaminated. It also shows areas where it is very well protected by the natural subsoil layers) – X, E, H, M or L.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Groundwater Vulnerability Description – the groundwater vulnerability description.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Soil Drainage – whether the soil is well drained or poorly drained (Wet or Dry).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN>Subsoil Type – the code for the subsoil type.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Subsoil Description – description of the subsoil type.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN>Subsoil Permeability - the code for the subsoil permeability (relative ease with which water can flow through geological layers)of the subsoil – L, M, H or N/A.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Subsoil Permeability Description – description of the subsoil permeability - Low, Moderate, High or N/A. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Depth to Bedrock (Internal Use only) – Depth from Surface to the top of the bedrock.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Karst - extreme vulnerability area designated by a 30 m buffer around a karst landform feature such as a swallow hole, enclosed depression or spring, etc.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sinking stream - extreme vulnerability area designated by a 15 m or 30 m buffer either side of a river stretch that gradually sinks into an aquifer. The stream might sink gradually into the aquifer below, or be part of a river reach that sinks into an aquifer further downstream.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Gravel Aquifer Category - the code for the sand/gravel aquifer category - Rg or Lg.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Gravel Aquifer Description - description of the sand/gravel aquifer category - Regionally important sand/gravel aquifer or Locally important sand/gravel aquifer.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Bedrock Aquifer Category - the code for the bedrock aquifer category - Rk, Rkc, Rkd, Rf, Lm, Lk, Ll, Pl or Pu.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Bedrock Aquifer Description - description of the bedrock aquifer category.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 8 0;"><SPAN>Rock Unit Group - the hydrostratigraphic rock unit group that the bedrock is part of.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:8 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>County - the county the polygon is in.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P><P><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey Ireland) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence.
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>Groundwater is most at risk where the subsoils are absent or thin and, in areas of karstic limestone, where surface streams sink underground at swallow holes.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Groundwater vulnerability maps are based on the type and thicknesses of subsoils (sands, gravels, glacial tills (or boulder clays), peat, lake and alluvial silts and clays), and the presence of karst features.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>All land area is assigned one of the following groundwater vulnerability categories: Rock near surface or karst (X) Extreme (E) High (H) Moderate (M) Low (L). </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The Groundwater Vulnerability map indicates:</SPAN></SPAN></P><UL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The likelihood of groundwater contamination.</SPAN></SPAN></P></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Aids land-use management. </SPAN></SPAN></P></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Helps in the choice of preventative measures and enables developments, which have a significant potential to contaminate, to be located in areas of lower vulnerability. </SPAN></SPAN></P></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Helps to ensure that a groundwater protection scheme is not unnecessarily restrictive on human economic activity.</SPAN></SPAN></P></LI></UL><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>The Geomorphology dataset originally comprised individual feature layers that were subsequently merged from 25 single feature layers to 9 sub-groups, </SPAN></P><P><SPAN>S</SPAN><SPAN>ubglacial Lineation Striae: Striae data recorded on the maps includes the locations of striations, as well as attribute fields such as striae ID, X and Y co-ordinates, orientation, and accuracy. This dataset has been only slightly modified from that kindly provided to GSI by Dr. Mike Smith of Kingston University, UK.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>The map together with the catalogue constitute the dataset. To show distribution of Striae symbolset that show (ice flow) in island of Ireland.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>Ice flow is in the direction of the arrow; symbol is placed in the center of the feature (S).</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>Subglacial Lineation Striae d</SPAN><SPAN>ata recorded on the map includes the location and outline of the geomorphological </SPAN><SPAN>"Striae" </SPAN><SPAN>feature</SPAN><SPAN>s</SPAN><SPAN>: Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized locations of </SPAN><SPAN>striae </SPAN><SPAN>bodies for Republic of Ireland including name of the landform, background data source and classification on the featur</SPAN><SPAN>es.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN /><SPAN>There is an ongoing programme of digitizing all archival Quaternary data held by the GSI. Methodology - The striae features have come directly from a database provided by Dr. mike Smith of Kingston univeristy, UK. </SPAN></P><P /></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Please use this specific attribution statement: "Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence".
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>The Geomorphology dataset originally comprised individual feature layers that were subsequently merged into 9 sub-groups in which "Subglacial Landforms" one of the subgroups. The Subglacial Landforms data layer comprises the following geomorphological features: 1) Drumlins; 2) Crag and Tails; 3) Mega scale glacial lineation; 4) Streamlined bedrock.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>Subglacial Lineation is composed of following features: </SPAN></P><P><SPAN>1) Drumlins: - The drumlin features have been compiled from a variety of sources, including academic papers, and the feature outlines were then drawn on OSi Colour </SPAN></P><P><SPAN>Aerial Photography. </SPAN></P><P><SPAN>2) Crags and Tails</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>3) Mega scale glacial lineation:</SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN>Data recorded on the maps includes the locations of mega scale glacial lineations, as well as attribute fields such as data source and lineation length.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>4) Streamlined bedrock: Data recorded on the maps includes the locations of streamlined bedrock features, as well as attribute fields such as data source and lineation length.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P><P /></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Please use this specific attribution statement: "Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence".
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>The Geomorphology dataset originally comprised individual feature layers that were subsequently merged from 25 single feature layers to 9 sub-groups, </SPAN></P><P><SPAN>Erratic Carriage Sink is one of these subgroups. The data layer comprises the following geomorphological features: 1) Erratic Limit, 2) Inferred Erratic Path.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>Erratic Carriage Sink</SPAN><SPAN>s </SPAN><SPAN>recorded on the map includes the location and outline of the following geomorphological features: </SPAN></P><P><SPAN>1) E</SPAN><SPAN>rratic Limits</SPAN><SPAN>: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized locations of e</SPAN><SPAN>rratic carriage sinks </SPAN><SPAN>for Republic of Ireland including name of the landform, background data source and classification on the feature.</SPAN><SPAN>The map forms part of the GSI Quaternary Map series. Data recorded on the maps includes the lithology of the erratic rocks, an the relevant academic paper references where the data were sourced.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>2) </SPAN><SPAN>Inferred Erratic Paths</SPAN><SPAN>: - This dataset contains a complete coverage for important mapped and digitised inferred erratic paths of glacial erratics ac</SPAN><SPAN>r</SPAN><SPAN>oss Ireland.</SPAN><SPAN>The map forms part of the GSI Quaternary Map series. Data recorded includes the lithology of the erratic rocks, and the relevant academic paper references where the data were sourced</SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></P><P /><P><SPAN /></P><P /><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Please use this specific attribution statement: "Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence".
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Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The Erratic Carriage Source (ERRATIC_CARRIAGE_SOURCE_2017) illustrates the spatial distribution of bedrock bodies that are the source of glacial erratics identified elsewhere. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Erratic Carriage Source recorded on the map illustrates the location and outline of bedrock formations that have been identified as the potential source of glacial erratics identified during field campaigns. A glacial erratic is a piece of rock that differs from the size and type of rock native to the area in which it rests. "Erratics" take their name from the Latin word errare (to wander), and are carried by glacial ice, often over distances of hundreds of kilometres.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>The feature class includes the bedrock lithology and a reference published articles describing these features. </SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: 0f691b33aefc4f82aae14c378b1c83a5
Copyright Text: Please use this specific attribution statement: "Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence".
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>The Geomorphology dataset originally comprised individual feature layers that were subsequently merged from 25 single feature layers to 9 sub-groups, Meltwater Landforms is one of these subgroups. The Meltwater Landform data layer comprises the following geomorphological features: 1) Esker Ridge, 2) Meltwater Channels. </SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data recorded on the map includes the location and outline of the following geomorphological features: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>1) </SPAN><SPAN>Esker Ridge</SPAN><SPAN>: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized locations of </SPAN><SPAN>esker</SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN>bodies for </SPAN><SPAN>Republic of </SPAN><SPAN>Ireland including name of the landform, background data source and </SPAN><SPAN>classification </SPAN><SPAN>on the feature.</SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN>The esker features have been compiled from a variety of sources, including academic papers, and the feature outlines were then drawn on OSi Colour Aerial Photography. An Esker is a long, winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel. Eskers are frequently several kilometres long and, because of their peculiar uniform shape, are somewhat like railway embankment</SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>2) </SPAN><SPAN>Meltwater Channels</SPAN><SPAN>: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized </SPAN><SPAN>meltwater </SPAN><SPAN>features for </SPAN><SPAN>Republic of </SPAN><SPAN>Ireland including name of the landform and background data source. The map forms part of the GSI Quaternary Map series. Data recorded on the map includes the locations of meltwater channels, as well as attribute fields such as data source and channel length.</SPAN></P><P /><P /></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Please use this specific attribution statement: "Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence".
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>The Geomorphology dataset originally comprised individual feature layers that were subsequently merged into 9 sub-groups. Deglacial Landforms is one of the subgroups.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>The Deglacial Landforms data layer is comprised of the following geomorphological features: 1) Deltas; 2) Fans; 3) Glaciofluvial Terraces; 4) Hummocky Moraines; 5) Hummocky Sand and Gravels; 6) Kame Terraces; 7) Moraine Ridges.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data recorded on the map includes the location and outline of the following geomorphological features: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>1) Deltas: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized locations of delta sediment bodies for Ireland including name of the landform, background data source and a reference to previous work completed on the feature. </SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>2) Fans: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized fan features for Ireland including name of the landform and background data source. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>3) Glaciofluvial Terraces: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized glaciofluvial terraces for Ireland including the the name of the river system they are associated with and background data source</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>4) Hummocky Moraines: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized hummocky moraine (non-stratified) features for Ireland including background data source and a reference to previous work completed on the feature. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>5) Hummocky Sand and Gravels: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized hummocky sand and gravel features for Ireland including background data source. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>6) Kame Terraces: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized locations of Kame Terraces including name of the landform, background data source and a reference to previous work completed on the feature.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN>7) Moraine Ridges: - Complete coverage for all mapped and digitized locations of Moraine Ridges for Ireland including background data source. </SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Please use this specific attribution statement: "Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence".
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><P STYLE="text-align:Justify;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>County Geological Sites have been surveyed by an ongoing national programme of County Geological Heritage Audits. These have been carried out since 2004, and to date over half of the country has been completed. The programme of CGS documentation is a dynamic process as additional sites may be added through new exposures such as quarries and road cuttings, and notifications from local community knowledge.</SPAN></SPAN></P><DIV><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>Bedrock outcrop polygons, derived from digitising outcrop locations off scanned 19th Century GSI field maps. The data was derived from mapping at a scale of 1:10,560 (6 inches to one mile). Individual map sheets were geo-referenced to an index polygon and checked against an OSi 1:50,000 rater base.</SPAN><SPAN>Attribution of these outcrop polygons is ongoing, and is available in the 50k data packages</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>These data represent the latest version of the bedrock geological dataset for Ireland at 1:100,000 scale, including recent 1:50k mapping . The dataset comprises 4 key shape files: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>1) Bedrock Polygons_ITM_2018.shp: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>A polygon shapefile that contains bedrock geological information on Stratigraphy, Igneous units, Lithology and Diagenetic codes, linked to a stratigraphic lexicon. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>2) Structural Symbols_100K_ITM_2018: A </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>point shapefile that contains structural symbols and dip labels.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>3) </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>Geological Linework_100k_ITM_2018: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>A line shapefile that contains structural geological line work codes, stratigraphic geological line codes and descriptions and map sheet cross sections as per paper printed maps. This dataset also contains Lexicon information.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>4) Bedrock outcrops_ITM_2018: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>A polygon shapefile that contains unattributed bedrock outcrops.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /></P><P /></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Karst is a term used world-wide to describe the distinctive landforms that develop on rock types that are readily dissolved by water. In Ireland, karstification mostly occurs in limestone regions. As approximately half of the Republic of Ireland is underlain by limestone, karst is a significant aspect of the Irish environment. There are many kinds of karst landforms, ranging in size from millimetres to kilometres. For simplicity, these landforms are grouped into nine main types in the National Karst Landform Database. These are: borehole, cave, dry valley, enclosed depression, estavelle, spring, superficial solution features, swallow hole, turlough.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The National Karst Database consists of point features, locating the centre (or</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>,</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>in the case of a cave, the entrance) of the karst landform</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>,</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>and records details of the landform</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>s dimensions and functioning. The database was developed by Morgan Burke in 1999. Features are added to the dataset through periodic live updates</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>It is important to note that it is NOT a comprehensive database and represents only areas that have been mapped by GSI, or third parties whose data have been processed. Although we try to ensure the information is as reliable as possible, the GSI takes no responsibility for the accuracy of the data or for decisions made on the basis of using the data. Due attention must be paid to the location accuracy given with each well record. Digital files are live-updated periodically and users are responsible for obtaining the latest version of the data.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>There are 17 data published fields (designated in square brackets below, []). Not all records have data associated with all fields and, for many of the records, only some of the fields have values.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[FNUM]: GSI's number for karst feature.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[FTYPE]: karst feature type </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>–</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>one of eight main types: borehole, cave, dry valley, enclosed depression, spring, superficial solution features, swallow hole, turlough.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[FNAME]: karst feature local name, such as a local spring name.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[TOWNLAND]: Townland name</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[COUNTY]: County.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[GRID_ACCUR]: Spatial accuracy of the Grid Reference, in metres/kilometres.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[COMMENTS]: General comments.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[KFSOURCE]: Source of information for karst feature, if not from GSI studies.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[COMMENTS_1]: Comments on geological setting, including stratigraphy.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[SP_TOWNLAND]: Townland name</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[SP_COUNTY]: County.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[LITHOLOGY]: Dominant limestone composition: Dolomite; Limestone, muddy; Limestone, clean (>=90% CaCO3, bedded); Limestone, cherty; Limestone, clean (>90% CaCO3, unbedded); Limestone, other; N/A).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[STRATIGRAPHY]: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[EASTING_ITM]: Easting, six figure Irish Transverse Mercator Grid Reference</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[NORTHING_ITM]: Northing, six figure Irish Transverse Mercator Grid Reference</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[EASTING_IG]: Easting, six figure Irish National Grid reference</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>[NORTHING_IG]: Northing, six figure Irish National Grid Reference</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: 0f691b33aefc4f82aae14c378b1c83a5
Copyright Text: Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN STYLE="font-size:10pt">This is a polygon dataset containing nine Bedrock Aquifer classes.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>1) Regionally Important Aquifers:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Regionally important aquifers are capable of supplying regionally important abstractions (e.g. large public water supplies), or excellent yields (>400 m3/d). Bedrock aquifer units generally have a continuous area of >25 km2 and groundwater predominantly flows through fractures, fissures, joints or conduits. Regionally important sand/gravel aquifers are >10 km2, and groundwater flows between the sand and gravel grains.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>This group is subdivided into the following types:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Rk Regionally Important Karstified Bedrock Aquifer </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Rf Regionally Important Fissured Bedrock Aquifer </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Rg Regionally Important Sand/Gravel Aquifer</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Regionally important karstified aquifers may be further subdivided based on the whether groundwater flows mainly through conduits (Rkc) or more diffusely through solutionally-enlarged fissures (Rkd).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>2) Locally Important Aquifers:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Locally important aquifers are capable of supplying locally important abstractions (e.g. smaller public water supplies, group schemes), or good yields (100-400 m3/d). In the bedrock aquifers, groundwater predominantly flows through fractures, fissures, joints or conduits. Locally important sand/gravel aquifers are typically >1 km2, and groundwater flows between the sand and gravel grains.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>This group is subdivided into the following types:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lm Locally Important Bedrock Aquifer, Generally Moderately Productive </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Ll Locally Important Bedrock Aquifer, Moderately Productive only in Local Zones </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lk Locally Important Karstified Bedrock Aquifer </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lg Locally Important Sand/Gravel Aquifer</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>3) Poor Aquifers:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>These bedrock aquifers are capable of supplying small abstractions (e.g. domestic supplies, small group schemes), or moderate to low yields (<100 m3/d). Groundwater predominantly flows through a limited and poorly-connected network of fractures, fissures and joints.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>This group is subdivided into the following types:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Pl Poor Bedrock Aquifer, Generally Unproductive except in Local Zones </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Pu Poor Bedrock Aquifer, Generally Unproductive</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>This dataset comprises sand and gravel aquifers. Sand and gravel aquifers may be locally important (Lg) or regionally important (Rg). Rg - A sand/gravel aquifer is classed as regionally important if it can supply regionally important abstractions (e.g. large public water supplies with </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>‘</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>excellent</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>yields >400 m3/d). It is highly permeable, more than 10 m thick or has a saturated thickness of at least 5 m, and should extend over at least 5 km2, and usually over 10 km2. Lg - Locally Important Sand/Gravel Aquifer: Similar to a Regionally Important Sand/Gravel Aquifer (Rg), but with a smaller continuous area (c.1-10 km2) and/or less consistent permeability. Although the aquifer may supply </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>‘</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>excellent</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>’</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>yields, the smaller size limits the amount of recharge available to meet abstractions. Sand/gravel deposits have a dual role in groundwater development and supply. Firstly, in some cases they can supply significant quantities of water for supply and are therefore classed as aquifers, and secondly, they provide storage for underlying bedrock aquifers. A sand/gravel deposit is classed as an aquifer if the deposit is highly permeable, more than 10 m thick and greater than one square kilometre in aerial extent. The thickness of the deposit is often used rather than the more relevant saturated zone thickness as the information on the latter is rarely available. In many instances it may be assumed that a deposit with a thickness of 10 m will have a saturated zone of at least 5 m. This is not the case where deposits have a high relief (for example eskers or deposits in high topographic areas) as these gravels are often dry.</SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Copyright Text: Contains Irish Public Sector Data (Geological Survey) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence